[1]蔡亮学,何利民,吕宇玲,等.水平定向钻管道穿越孔底泥浆的力学特性[J].油气储运,,30():25-029.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2011.01.007]
Cai Liangxue,He Limin,Lv Yuling,et al.Hole-bottom slurry mechanical properties of horizontal directional drilling in pipeline crossing project[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,,30():25-029.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2011.01.007]
水平定向钻管道穿越孔底泥浆的力学特性 (
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[摘要]将水平定向钻(HDD)回拖过程中孔底泥浆的流动假定为幂律流体在同心环形空间中的稳定流动,考虑内管轴向运动对流场分布的影响,根据 Navier-Stokes 方程推导泥浆压力梯度与管道外表
面泥浆剪切应力的解析计算方法。基于搜集的 HDD 工程实例采用该解析方法进行数据分析,并与现有 Baroid 经验公式、SPE 经验公式和 Polak 经验公式的计算结果进行对比。结果表明:由解析方法求得的泥浆压力梯度与实测值相差最小;泥浆拖曳阻力是回拖载荷的重要组成部分,计算中不可忽略;扩径比是泥浆压力梯度与剪切应力计算中敏感性最强的因素。
关键词:
[中图分类号]TE832[文献标志码]
A [doi]A
[Abstract]
Provided that the flow of hole-bottom slurry(HBS)is a power-law fluid and flowing stably in concentric annulus space during the towback of horizontal directional drilling(HDD)operation and taking the influence of axial motion of inner pipe on flow field distribution into account,the analytic calculation method(ACM) about slurry pressure gradient and slurry shear stress at pipe outer surface are deduced based on the Navier-Stokes equation. Based on the HDD engineering examples, the data are analyzed by this method, and compared with the results of Baroid,SPE and Polak empirical formula,and ACM results are closest to the measured values. The slurry drag resistance is important part of the towback load and thus cannot be ignored in calculation. The expanding diameter ratio is the most sensitive factor in slurry pressure gradient and slurry shear stress at pipe outer surface in calculation.
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1971 年,美国人 Martin 首次采用水平定向钻(HDD)技术穿越帕哈罗河敷设管道获得成功[1]。2006年,国内 HDD 管道穿越工程年产值达 50.1×108 元,占非开挖行业总产值的 53.5%[2]。在川气东送管道工程的 143 处穿越工程中,HDD 穿越达 66 处。然而,回拖载荷难以预测限制了 HDD 技术的进一步推广使用。Francis 等[3]分析了 5 项 HDD 穿越工程回拖载荷的预测精度,难以满足工程需要,尤其对于大型 HDD 穿越工程[4]。现有方法对回拖载荷的分析预测包括 3 个方面:管道重量及由此引起的管土摩擦力、弯曲段阻力效应与泥浆拖曳阻力。目前,泥浆拖曳阻力对回拖载荷的贡献权重问题争议颇大[5-6]。因此,基于 Navier-Stokes 方程,研究泥浆在导向孔中的流动特性,并与搜集的 HDD 施工中孔底泥浆的压力检测数据进行对比,进而评价泥浆拖曳阻力的贡献权重,对于制订HDD 施工减阻工艺方案具有重要意义。
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