【目的】天然气发电（简称“气电”）具有启停灵活、爬坡速度快、调节范围广、碳排放水平低等特点，是电力系统调峰调频最重要的优质电源之一。但在构建新型能源体系目标下，气电业务高质量发展面临诸多问题与挑战。【方法】通过对中国气电产业发展现状进行调研与统计分析，发现气电是构建新型能源体系目标中不可替代的调节性、支撑性电源，但气电与新能源协同发展存在瓶颈：风能、太阳能等新能源发电具有间歇性、逆调峰性、波动性、随机性等特点，在保供用电高峰时段，高度依赖燃气发电机组进行深度调峰，为核心发电设备的安全性、环保性、经济性带来较大挑战。此外，气电产业自身也存在明显短板，包括能源保供、经济效益、生产运行调度、发展路径尚需优化以及对期权特性认识不足等。【结果】为稳步增强气电产业供应能力，提出高质量发展气电产业的建议：①坚持气电与新能源协同发展，完善气电顶层设计，出台政策引导实施细则加快落地；②天然气供应企业与燃气发电企业共同合作开发“气电+新能源”项目，签订中长期购销协议，实现气电业务的可持续发展；③加大电力与天然气市场化改革力度，探索建立气电联动机制，确保民生供气、供电平稳畅通。【结论】气电产业发展的驱动因素已由气源驱动转变为环保性政策、电力供需形势、气源保障、经济性等多因素的共同作用，今后应当发挥全产业链发展优势，加强顶层设计、注重统筹兼顾、持续深度融合，为构建新型能源体系助力。（
图5，参
[20]）
[Objective] Natural gas power generation (hereinafter referred to as “gas-fired power”) is characterized by its flexible start-stop capabilities, high ramp rates, wide regulation ranges, and low carbon emissions. It is regarded as one of the most important high-quality power sources for peak shaving and frequency control in power systems. However, in the effort to establish new energy systems, the gas-fired power sector faces various challenges and issues that impede its path toward achieving high-quality development. [Methods] By investigating and statistically analyzing the current status of China’s gas-fired power industry, it was found that gas-fired power serves as an irreplaceable source of regulatory and supportive energy necessary for achieving the goal of establishing new energy systems. However, several bottlenecks were identified in the coordinated development of gas-fired power alongside new energy sources. Given the characteristics of intermittency, inverse peak shaving, fluctuations, and randomness associated with power generation from renewable sources, such as wind and solar energy, there is a heavy reliance on natural gas generator sets to enable deep peak shaving for supply assurance during peak periods. This dependency poses significant challenges to the safety, environmental protection, and economic efficiency of essential power generation equipment. Additionally, this study underscored notable shortcomings within the gas-fired power industry, particularly concerning energy supply assurance, economic efficiency, and production scheduling. There also remains a pressing need to optimize the development pathway and deepen the understanding of option features. [Results] The following suggestions, focused on high-quality development, are proposed to steadily enhance the supply capacity of the gas-fired power industry. (1) Adhere to the coordinated development of gas-fired power and new energy sources, improve the top-level design of gas-fired power, and introduce policies to guide the implementation of detailed rules. (2) Encourage collaboration between natural gas supply enterprises and natural gas power generation companies to jointly develop “gas-fired power + new energy” projects through medium- and long-term sales agreements, ensuring the sustainable development of gas-fired power supply. (3) Intensify the market-oriented reform of power and natural gas supply and explore the establishment of a gas-electricity linkage mechanism, to ensure a stable and smooth gas and power supply for people’s livelihood. [Conclusion] The driving factors behind the development of the gas-fired power industry have shifted from primarily relying on gas sources to a combination of multiple considerations, including environmental protection policies, electricity supply and demand dynamics, gas source reliability, and economic efficiency. It is recommended to strengthen the top-level design, emphasize comprehensive planning that takes all factors into account, and maintain a focus on deep integration, to maximize the developmental advantages of the entire industrial chain, ultimately boosting the establishment of new energy systems. (5 Figures, 20 References)
