● Received: 2024-07-29● Revised: 2024-08-23● Online: 2024-10-09
【目的】管道漏磁内检测技术因无需耦合剂、易于实现自动化等优点已广泛应用于管道缺陷在线检测中。利用检测数据准确预测缺陷尺寸并开展适用性评价,对于后续的修复决策至关重要。【方法】以采集的漏磁数据为基础,根据缺陷数据特点,提出一种基于PP-YOLOE(Paddle Paddle-You Only Look Once Evolved)的深度学习目标检测模型,通过将三轴漏磁数据转换为彩色图像,输入模型中进行目标检测训练,实现缺陷的快速定位与数据提取,为缺陷量化提供准确可靠的数据集。结合多任务学习(Multi-Task Learning,MTL)模型,将管道缺陷处的周向、轴向、径向漏磁数据作为模型的输入,根据漏磁数据特征对缺陷的长度、宽度、深度进行并行输出,实现对缺陷的尺寸评估与预测。【结果】与实际牵拉实验数据对比后发现,通过PP-YOLOE与MTL相结合的识别量化模型提高了管道缺陷识别效率,改善了缺陷尺寸预测结果,缺陷目标检测的召回率达到0.87、准确率达到0.94;NADAM(Nesterov-accelerated Adaptive Moment)算法与SGD(Stochastic Gradient Descent)算法相比,预测腐蚀缺陷长度、深度的精度分别提升了9%、4%。【结论】该方法适用于海量管道漏磁检测数据的分析,提高了判读效率,可为管道缺陷的剩余强度评估和剩余寿命预测提供可靠的基础数据支持。(图 10,表2,参[30])
[Objective] The magnetic flux leakage technique for in-line inspection of pipelines is widely used for the online detection of pipeline defects, due to its advantages including being couplant-free and easy to automate. Subsequent accurate prediction of defect sizes and evaluation of applicability using inspection data are essential for making informed repair decisions. [Methods] A deep learning target detection model based on Paddle Paddle-You Only Look Once Evolved (PP-YOLOE) is proposed, developed from collected magnetic flux leakage data and the characteristics of defect data. Color images converted from triaxial magnetic flux leakage data are input into the model for training in target detection, facilitating rapid defect positioning and data extraction, and creating accurate and reliable datasets for quantifying defect sizes. Additionally, a Multi-Task Learning (MTL) model is introduced, taking circumferential, axial, and radial magnetic flux leakage data of pipeline defects as input. This model outputs data regarding the length, width, and depth of defects in parallel, leveraging the characteristics of magnetic flux leakage data to achieve size evaluation and prediction of defects. [Results] Comparing the data from pulling experiments revealed that the combination of PP-YOLOE and MTL improved defect identification efficiency and the prediction accuracy of defect sizes. The recall rate and accuracy rate for defect target detection reached 0.87 and 0.94, respectively. Compared with the application of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), the Nesterov-accelerated Adaptive Moment Estimation (NADAM) algorithm achieved an increase in quantification accuracy for corrosion defects by 9% in length and 4% in depth. [Conclusion] The proposed method is applicable for analyzing massive pipeline magnetic flux leakage testing data and improving the identification efficiency. It provides reliable foundational data support for assessing residual strength and predicting the remaining life of pipelines with defects. (10 Figures, 2 Tables, 30 References)