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[1]滕霖　林崴　尹鹏博　李卫东　黄鑫　李加庆　罗宇　江莉龙.碳中和目标下绿氨终端站储运技术发展现状及趋势[J].油气储运,2024,43(01):1-14.
　TENGLin,LIN Wei,YINPengbo,et al.Technical progress and development trend of green ammonia terminal stations under carbon neutrality goals[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2024,43(01):1-14.

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碳中和目标下绿氨终端站储运技术发展现状及趋势

《油气储运》[ISSN:1000-8241/CN:13-1093/TE] 卷: 43 期数: 2024年01期页码: 1-14 栏目: 出版日期: 2024-01-25

Title:: Technical progress and development trend of green ammonia terminal stations under carbon neutrality goals

作者:: 滕霖　林崴　尹鹏博　李卫东　黄鑫　李加庆　罗宇　江莉龙

Author(s):: TENGLin; LIN Wei; YINPengbo; LI Weidong; HUANG Xin; LI Jiaqing; LUO Yu; JIANGLilong

关键词:: 碳中和; 绿氢; 绿氨; 绿色能源; 绿氨接收终端; 接收工艺; 液氨泄漏; 储氢载体

Keywords:: carbon neutralization; green hydrogen; green ammonia; green energy; green ammonia receiving terminal; receiving process; liquid ammonia leakage; hydrogen storage carrier

分类号:: TE91

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: [目的]作为氢能的优质载体，生产工艺无碳化的绿氨成为实现碳中和目标的备选能源之一，因此绿氨终端站的布局与建设对促进氢能产业链的快速发展具有重要作用，有利于推动社会能源结构的绿色转型。[方法]氨作为高效的储能与储氢介质，具有高能量密度、易储运、终端站无碳排放、安全性高等特点，能够显著降低储氢、运氢、用氢成本，并可提高能源安全性，概述了氨的性质，分析了氨用于储氢与储能介质具有的能量密度高、安全、长时储能等优势，调研了全球多国的氨氢项目发展与贸易情况，论述了全球快速增长的绿氨产能及需求，总结了目前氨能的贸易现状与终端站建设情况；对比现有的成熟的LNG接收站相关工艺技术，详细介绍了绿氨终端站的关键工艺及技术，包括终端站绿氨存储工艺系统、液氨蒸发气处理工艺系统与终端站卸载及加注工艺系统。[结果]提出了绿氨终端站的安全性问题，深入剖析了终端站液氨泄漏导致的毒性、燃烧爆炸性等危害，并给出了预防及防护措施。[结论]从化肥行业到能源领域，绿氨终端站技术的研究与发展对绿色能源氢能的提高利用具有重要意义，未来绿氨终端站的数量与规模将持续增加以适应新时代的需求，同时可以考虑改造LNG接收站等大宗能源及化工品储运设施以降低成本。

Abstract:: As a high-quality carrier of hydrogen energy, green ammonia also has a "zero-carbon" production process, which caters to the "dual-carbon" goal, so the layout and construction of green ammonia terminals play an important role in promoting the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry chain. Accelerating the construction of green ammonia terminal stations and promoting the trade of green ammonia are conducive to promoting the green transformation of social energy structure. Ammonia, as an efficient medium for energy and hydrogen storage, has the characteristics of high energy density, easy storage and transportation, no carbon emission at the terminal station, and high safety, which can significantly reduce the cost and safety of hydrogen storage, transportation and use of hydrogen, and put forward the storage and transportation problems in the practical application of hydrogen energy, and summarize the nature of ammonia and the advantages of high energy density, safe storage and transportation, and long-time energy storage, etc., as a medium for hydrogen and energy storage. It also investigates the development and trade situation of ammonia-hydrogen projects in many countries in the world, analyzes the fast-growing green ammonia production capacity and demand in the world, and summarizes the current trade situation of ammonia and the construction of terminal stations; comparing with the existing mature process technologies of LNG receiving terminals, it describes in detail the key processes and technologies of the green ammonia terminal station, including the green ammonia storage process system, the liquid ammonia evaporating gas treatment process system, and the terminal station unloading and refueling process system. The key processes and technologies of green ammonia terminal station are introduced. The safety of green ammonia terminal station is proposed, and the hazards of toxicity, combustion and explosion caused by liquid ammonia leakage from the terminal station are analyzed in depth, and preventive and protective measures are given. From the fertilizer industry to the energy field, the research and development of green ammonia terminal station technology is of great significance to the improvement of the utilization of green energy hydrogen, and the number and scale of green ammonia terminal stations will continue to increase in the future to adapt to the needs of the new era, and at the same time, consideration can be given to retrofitting mature large-scale storage and transportation facilities for LNG and other energy sources to reduce costs.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2023-11-08