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[1]蒋新生,秦希卓,储汇,等.油气爆炸荷载对储罐结构的毁伤机制及评估[J].油气储运,2024,43(12):1365-1377.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2024.12.005]
　JIANG Xinsheng,QIN Xizhuo,CHU Hui,et al.Damage mechanism and assessment for storage tank structures under oil and gas explosion loads[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2024,43(12):1365-1377.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2024.12.005]
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油气爆炸荷载对储罐结构的毁伤机制及评估

《油气储运》[ISSN:1000-8241/CN:13-1093/TE] 卷: 43 期数: 2024年12期 页码: 1365-1377 栏目: 检测与完整性 出版日期: 2024-12-25
Title:
Damage mechanism and assessment for storage tank structures under oil and gas explosion loads
文章编号:
1000-8241（2024）12-1365-13
作者:
蒋新生; 秦希卓; 储汇; 王赛; 林科宇
中国人民解放军陆军勤务学院油料系
Author(s):
JIANG Xinsheng; QIN Xizhuo; CHU Hui; WANG Sai; LIN Keyu
Oil Department of Army Logistics Academy
关键词:
油气爆炸; 储罐; 爆炸超压; 储罐结构动力响应; TNO多能法; 多米诺效应
Keywords:
oil and gas explosion;  storage tanks;  explosive overpressure;  dynamic response of storage tank structure;  TNO multi-energy method;  domino effect
分类号:
TE88
DOI:
10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2024.12.005
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
【目的】随着油料储存规模化程度扩大，地面储罐的安全防护压力与日俱增，一旦发生火灾爆炸事故，极易引发多米诺效应，导致灾难性后果。为分析地面储罐在油气爆炸荷载下的失效情况，针对动荷载条件下储罐动力响应及损伤评估开展研究。【方法】通过对不同油气体积分数与不同传播距离下油气爆炸外场超压参数进行测量分析，得到最危险油气体积分数（1.70％）下油气爆炸外场动荷载传播参数，结合量纲分析得到油气爆炸动荷载预测模型，运用仿真将动荷载作用于等比例地面储罐模型。【结果】通过试验发现外场冲击波以出球状超压波形式向前方传播，油气持续燃烧时冲击波获得最大超压增量；通过对外场冲击波超压参数的分析拟合，得到超压参数随无量纲距离的变化规律，确定了油气爆炸动荷载预测模型，从而计算出地面储罐在动荷载条件下的损伤准则；利用损伤准则对5000m3地面储罐区内某一油罐发生爆炸时其他储罐的动力响应情况进行评估，当储罐区发生多米诺爆炸事故时，两次爆炸事故间最大超压以超过3.5％的增量逐渐增大，爆炸时间间隔以超过20％的增量不断缩短，且爆炸序列呈现为Z字形。【结论】通过对动荷载条件下地面储罐损伤评估分析，拟合出地面储罐区最小布置距离，为地面储罐安全布局、爆炸和火灾事故的防控、应急救援及管理提供了科学依据与参考借鉴。（图23，表5，参28）
Abstract:
[Objective] As the scale for oil storage expands, the safety protection of aboveground oil storage tanks is taking increasing pressure day by day. A fire or explosion accident may easily cause domino effect accidents, leading to catastrophic consequences. To analyze the failure of aboveground oil storage tanks under oil and gas explosion loads, the dynamic response and damage assessment of oil storage tanks under dynamic load conditions were studied. [Methods] By measuring and analyzing the outfield overpressure parameters of oil and gas explosion at varying volume fractions and propagation distances, the outfield dynamic load propagation parameters of oil and gas explosion under the most dangerous volume fraction (1.70%) were obtained. In combination with dimensional analysis, the dynamic load prediction model of oil and gas explosion was obtained, and the dynamic load was applied to the equal-scale aboveground oil storage tank model by simulation. [Results] The outfield shock wave was observed to propagate as a spherical overpressure wave, with the maximum overpressure increment occurring during continuous oil and gas combustion. By analyzing and fitting the overpressure parameters of the outfield shock wave, the variation law of overpressure parameters with dimensionless distance was obtained, leading to the establishment of the dynamic load prediction model for oil and gas explosion and the damage criterion of aboveground oil storage tanks under dynamic load conditions. The damage criterion was then employed to evaluate the dynamic response of other oil storage tanks following an explosion of one tank in a 5 000 m3 aboveground tank farm. During domino effect explosion accidents, the maximum overpressure between successive explosions increased gradually by over 3.5%, while the explosion interval decreased continuously by more than 20%. Additionally, a“Z”shaped sequence of explosions was observed. [Conclusion] Through the damage assessment and analysis for aboveground oil storage tanks under dynamic load conditions, the minimum layout distance for aboveground tank farms is fitted out, providing a scientific basis for the safe arrangement of these tanks, the prevention and control of explosion and fire accidents, and the emergency rescue and management. (23 Figures, 5 Tables, 28 References)

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备注/Memo

蒋新生，男，1972年生，教授，2008年博士毕业于中国人民解放军后勤工程学院油气储运工程专业，现主要从事军事供油工程安全防护与抗打击、军用物资危险源监测预警与火灾爆炸防控、灾害应急抢险与救援等方向的研究工作。地址：重庆市沙坪坝区大学城北一路20号，400038。电话：13098799103。Email：jxs_dy@163.com
基金项目：陆军后勤科研项目“装备用油安全关键技术研究”，ZLJ22J005；重庆市技术创新与应用发展重点资助项目“制-储-运-用全过程高压氢泄漏燃爆诊断预测与安全防护技术及装备研发”，CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0089。
● Received: 2024-06-26● Revised: 2024-08-09● Online: 2024-08-26

更新日期/Last Update: 2024-12-25