油水体系水合物行为实验研究装置及其应用进展

Research apparatus for hydrate behavior investigation and its application in water-oil systems

油水体系中水合物生成机理及浆液流动规律的实验研究对制定水合物风险管理策略及保障管道运行安全具有重要意义。为明确水合物实验研究装置的特点及其在油水体系中的应用进展，阐述了水合物行为研究中常用的宏观和微观装置的结构组成、突出特点及应用情况，对比分析各装置优缺点，综述了研究装置在水合物成核过程研究、生长与分解速率表征、颗粒聚集效果评价、浆液流变特性分析及量化模型建立等方面的应用成果。针对研究现状提出了油水体系中水合物研究的建议，未来可将谱学仪器与现有装置耦合进行油水体系中水合物的多尺度研究，在高压环境中进行水-水合物颗粒界面性质研究，同时基于水合物生长速率、聚集特性和浆液流动性等参数建立水合物堵管风险评估方法。

Experimental research on hydrate formation mechanism and slurry flow characteristics of hydrates in oil-water system is of great significance for developing hydrate risk management strategies and ensuring safe operation of pipelines. In order to clarify the characteristics of hydrate experimental research equipment and its application in oil-water system, the macro and micro devices commonly used in hydrate research were introduced in this paper. The composition structure, outstanding features and application of different devices were described, and the advantages and disadvantages of each device were compared. The results of application of these devices on hydrate nucleation investigation, growth and decomposition rate characterization, particle aggregation evaluation, slurry rheological analysis and quantitative model study were reviewed. Finally, some suggestions for the study of hydrates in oil-water systems were put forward based on the research status. The multi-scale study of hydrates in oil-water emulsion should be carried out by combining spectroscopic instrument with macroscopic device. The interface properties of water-hydrate particles under high pressure should be studied. In addition, it was proposed to establish the risk assessment method of pipeline plugging by combining hydrate growth rate, aggregation characteristics and slurry fluidity.