RP-3航空煤油及固体杂质性质实验

Experiment on properties of RP-3 aviation kerosene and its solid impurities

何驰¹; 杨智超²; 张家祥¹; 李振林¹; 张金亚¹

1. 中国石油大学（北京）机械与储运工程学院；2. 中国航空油料有限责任公司西北公司

HE Chi¹;  YANG Zhichao²;  ZHANG Jiaxiang¹;  LI Zhenlin¹;  ZHANG Jinya¹

1. College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing); 2. Northwest Branch, China Aviation Oil Co. Ltd.

RP-3 航空煤油; 储罐; 杂质颗粒; 电镜; 能谱; 函数模型

RP-3 aviation kerosene;  tank;  impurity particles;  scanning electron microscope;  energy dispersive spectrum; function model

为了研究RP-3 航空煤油及其所含杂质的物理特性，对华北某机场油库收发作业流程中3 个 不同进出油单元储罐进行取样，并抽滤得到航空煤油油样及固相杂质。采用密度测量仪、毛细管黏 度计、蒸馏瓶等实验仪器测定航空煤油油样的密度、黏度及含水率，并对固相杂质进行电镜扫描及 能谱分析。结果表明：3 个储罐内的航空煤油运动黏度为1.651 2～1.868 8 mm2/s、密度为0.794 9～ 0.795 6 g/cm3、含水率为0.007％～0.009％ ；固相杂质颗粒呈球形、棒状、长块形、四面体形等形状； 颗粒主要成分除了C、H、O、Si 等非金属元素，还包括Ca、Al、Mg、Fe、Mn、Co、Ti、K、W 等金属元 素；颗粒粒径范围为8～15 000 μm，杂质颗粒粒径大于150 μm、50～100 μm、30～50 μm 以及其他粒 径范围的质量占比分别为83％、15％、2.3％、0.1％。粒径大于150 μm 的杂质颗粒易于分离，而粒径 小于150 μm 的杂质颗粒通过常规方法则难以实现分离。为此，选取粒径20～150 μm 的杂质颗粒 为例，根据比重瓶法测定的密度结果，拟合得到了RP-3 航空煤油杂质颗粒的密度变化函数模型，可 为航空煤油固体杂质分离提供有效指导。（图7，表8，参21）

In order to study the physical properties of RP-3 aviation kerosene and its impurities, three tanks from different oil inlet and outlet units were sampled during the receiving and dispatching operation of an airport oil depot in North China, and the samples of aviation kerosene and its solid impurities were obtained by filtration. Further, the density, viscosity and water content of aviation kerosene sample were measured with a densimeter, a capillary viscometer, a distillation flask and other experimental instruments, and for the solid impurities, electron microscope scanning and energy dispersive spectrum analysis were carried out. The results show that the kinematic viscosity, density and water content of aviation kerosene in the three tanks are 1.651 2-1.868 8 mm2/s, 0.794 9-0.795 6 g/cm3 and 0.007%-0.009% respectively. The solid impurity particles are spherical, rod-shaped, long block-shaped or tetrahedral. The particles are mainly composed of nonmetallic elements such as C, H, O and Si, and metallic elements such as Ca, Al, Mg, Fe, Mn, Co, Ti, K and W. The particle size is ranged of 8-1.5×104 μm, and the impurity particles sized less than 150 μm, 50-100 μm, 30-50 μm and other size range account for about 83%, 15%, 2.3% and 0.1% respectively. The impurity particles more than 150 μm are easy to be separated, while those less than 150 μm are hard to be separated with the conventional methods. Taking the impurity particles sized 20-150 μm for example, the density was measured by pycnometer method, and the density change function model was fitted on this basis, which could provide effective guidance for separation of aviation kerosene solid impurities. (7 Figures, 8 Tables, 21 References)