非高斯噪声背景下的管道泄漏微弱信号自适应检测

1. 中石油北京天然气管道有限公司, 北京100101;
2. 第二炮兵装备研究院, 北京100085;
3. 中国石油西部管道有限公司, 新疆乌鲁木齐830000

1. PetroChina Beijing Gas Pipeline Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100101;
2. The Second Artillery Equipment Research Institute, PLA, Beijing, 100085;
3. PetroChina West Pipeline Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000

为了解决输气管道泄漏微弱信号难以检测的问题, 基于天然气长输管道模拟泄漏试验数据, 针对淹没在非高斯噪声中的微弱信号, 提出一种非高斯噪声背景下管道泄漏微弱信号自适应检测技术。因传感器采集的信号包含丰富的低频成分, 自适应滤波器跟踪输入信号的变化, 消除低频分量, 使输入噪声信号的功率谱变得平坦, 通过白化后的匹配滤波器, 检测出淹没在非高斯噪声中的微弱信号和负脉冲信号发生的时刻。两次管道模拟泄漏试验结果表明, 该算法能够有效地检测非高斯噪声背景下管道泄漏中的微弱信号。

It is hard to detect weak signals related to natural gas pipeline leakage. In this regard, based on test data derived from simulation of leakages in long-distance natural gas pipelines and with consideration to weak signals submerged in non-Gauss noises, an adaptive detection system for weak signals of pipeline leakage under background of non-Gauss noises is developed. Signals acquired by sensors may contain abundant low-frequency components. B_y using adaptive filter to track changes in input signals, low-frequency components can be eliminated. In addition, power spectrum of input noise signals may turn more flat. B_y using matching filters after whitening, weak signals and negative pulse signals submerged in non-Gauss noises can be detected. Results obtained in two simulation tests for pipeline leakage show that this new algorithm can effectively detect weak signals of pipeline leakage under background of non-Gauss noises.