版权所有@2014 《油气储运》杂志社 冀ICP备号:0000000
地址:河北省廊坊市金光道51号(065000);电话:0316-2177193 / 0316-2176753; 传真:0316-2177392; 网址:yqcy.paperonce.org
技术支持:西安三才科技实业有限公司 029-89381847;029-88222991
海底管道正向预热时机分析
Analysis of direct preheat timing of submarine pipeline
输送高凝点原油的海底管道在预热投产或停输再启动过程中,预热时机作为管道温度场预热充分的“显性”标志,具有重要意义。针对海底掩埋保温管道,建立了正向预热-投油计算模型,以某海底管道为对象,研究其在预热-投油过程中沿线温度的瞬变过程,并对预热时机的选取及影响因素进行探讨。结果表明:在管道投油-稳定瞬变过程中,最低油温出现在管道终点,故只要管道出口温度满足安全流动的需要,即可确保整条管道的油温处于流动安全允许范围内;预热时机取“终点水温=凝点”时,可以满足原油安全流动的温度要求,并且适用于不同热水流量和投油流量工况,推荐工程采用。
During the preheating commissioning and start-up after shutdown of submarine pipeline transporting high solidifying point oil, preheat timing as the "dominant" logo of adequate preheating pipeline temperature field is of great significance. According to the buried submarine insulated pipeline, direct preheat-flushing calculation model is established. Taking a pipeline as the study object, transient process of linear temperature in the process of preheat-flushing is studied. And then the selection of preheat timing and the influence factor are discussed. The results show that the minimum oil temperature appeared at the end of the pipe during the transient process of pipeline flushing-stabilization. Therefore, as long as the outlet temperature of the pipeline meets the needs of safe flow, the oil temperature of the whole pipe is certainly in the allowed range of flow security. The temperature requirement of crude oil safe flow is satisfied, when the preheat timing is taken at the moment of the finish temperature is equaled to the freezing point. And it is applied to different working conditions of hot water flow and flushing flow, and recommended for project.
[1]臧建兵,石宇,王岳. 热油管道预热过程土壤温度场数值计算[J].中国科技信息, 2005 (22) : 99.
ZANG J B,SHI Y,WANG Y. Numerical calculation of soil temperature field during preheating of hot oil pipeline[J]. China Science and Technology Information, 2005, (22):99.
[2]王岳,石宇,翁蕾. 埋地热输管道预热温度场分析与计算[J]. 天然气与石油, 2006, 24 (4) : 18-21.
WANG Y,SHI Y,WENG L. Analysis and calculation for soil temperature field of buried heated oil pipeline[J]. China Science and Technology Information, 2006, 24 (4):18-21.
[3]叶志伟,王瑞金. 预热管道中原油沿程温降和土壤温度场数值模拟[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报, 2009, 22 (4) : 77-80.
YE Z W,WANG R J. Numerical simulation on soil temperature field around underground hot oil pipelines and medium temperature-drop in the process of staring[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2009, 22 (4):77-80.
[4]王昆,王东生,孙超. 埋地热油管道正向预热过程的计算[J]. 油气储运, 2010, 29 (1) : 25-29.
WANG K,WANG D S,SUN C,et al. Analysis on stress and distortion of buried flexible pipeline[J]. Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation, 2010, 29 (1):25-29.
[5]卢涛,孙军生,姜培学. 埋地热油管道预热启输过程外界气温及预热水温对土壤温度场的影响[J]. 太阳能学报, 2006, 27 (10) :1053-1057.
LU T,SUN J S,JIANG P X. The influence of ambient temperature and preheating water temperature on tempetature field of soil during preheating buried hot crude oil pipeline for startup[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2006, 27 (10):1053-1057.
[6]鹿钦礼,马贵阳. 输油管道预热介质流速对预热时间的影响[J]. 辽宁石油化工大学学报, 2011, 31 (1) : 28-31.
LU Q L,MA G Y. Influence of hot oil pipeline preheat medium's flowing speed on preheat time[J]. Journal of Liaoning University of Liaoning University of Petroleum, 2011, 31 (1):28-31.
[7]《海洋石油工程设计指南》 编委会. 海洋石油工程设计指南第 5册:海洋石油工程海底管道设计[M]. 北京:石油工业出版社,2007.
Editorial Committee of Guideline on Offshore Petroleum Engineering Design. Guideline on Offshore Petroleum Engineering Design – Part 5:Offshore petroleum engineering submarine pipeline design [M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2007.
[8]崔秀国,张劲军. 埋地热油管道稳态运行条件下热力影响区的确定[J].石油大学学报 (自然科学版) , 2004, 28 (2) : 75-78.
CUI X G,ZHANG J J. Determination of the thermal influence zone of buried hot oil pipeline on steady operation[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum, China(Edition of Natural Science), 2004, 28 (2):75-78.
[9]王凯,张劲军,宇波. 原油差温顺序输送管道温度场的数值模拟研究[J]. 西安石油大学学报 (自然科学版) , 2008, 23 (6) : 63-66.
WANG K,ZHANG J J,YU B. Numerical simulation of the temperature fields in the crude oil within pipeline and in the soil around the pipeline for sequentially transporting the crude oils of different property[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition), 2008, 23 (6):63-6.
[10]赵镇南. 传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2002.
ZHAO Z N. Heat Transfer[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2002.
[11]陶文铨. 计算传热学的近代进展[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2000.
TAO W S. Modern progress of computer heat transfer[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2000.
[1]方娜 陈国明 朱红卫 孟会行.海底管道泄漏事故统计分析[J].油气储运,2014,33(1):99.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.01.021]
FANG Na,CHEN Guoming,ZHU Hongwei,et al.Statistical analysis of leakage accidents of submarine pipeline[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,33(2):99.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.01.021]
[2]闫宏生,王铿,李怀亮,等.海底管道临时管跨允许最大跨长的计算[J].油气储运,2015,34(9):1015.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.09.020]
YAN Hongsheng,WANG Keng,LI Huailiang,et al.Calculation of the allowable maximum span of temporarily-suspended submarine pipeline section[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):1015.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.09.020]
[3]叶海宾 宋春娜 崔宁.悬臂梁支撑法原理及其施工工艺[J].油气储运,2014,33(1):86.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.01.018]
YE Haibin,SONG Chunna,CUI Ning.Principle and construction process of cantilever support method[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,33(2):86.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.01.018]
[4]韩文海,周晶.基于概率的单点腐蚀管道极限内压分析[J].油气储运,2014,33(3):318.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.03.022]
HAN Wenhai,ZHOU Jing.Probability-based analysis on limit pressure of single point corrosion pipeline[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,33(2):318.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.03.022]
[5]张煜坤,陈娟,黄保龙,等.海底管道隔离套筒法修复技术[J].油气储运,2014,33(7):772.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.07.017]
ZHANG Yukun,CHEN Juan,HUANG Baolong,et al.Isolated sleeve remediation technology for subsea pipeline[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,33(2):772.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2014.07.017]
[6]傅丹蓉,常连庚,邸强华,等.漏磁检测器用于海底管道的磁化研究[J].油气储运,2015,34(2):204.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.02.021]
FU Danrong,CHANG Liangeng,DI Qianghua,et al.Magnetization study of MFL detector for submarine pipelines[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):204.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.02.021]
[7]李新宏,朱红卫,陈国明,等.海底管道泄漏天然气扩散规律数值模拟[J].油气储运,2016,35(2):215.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2016.02.019]
LI Xinhong,ZHU Hongwei,CHEN Guoming,et al.Numerical simulation on the gas diffusion law due to leakage of submarine pipeline[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2016,35(2):215.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2016.02.019]
[8]梁浩,李海川,郝兴国,等.海底管道失效原因及基于ROV的海底管道巡检技术[J].油气储运,2015,34(4):439.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.04.021]
LIANG Hao,LI Haichuan,HAO Xingguo,et al.Reasons for subsea pipeline failure and ROV-based inspection technology of subsea pipeline[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):439.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.04.021]
[9]刘怀增,王禹川,黄刚.海底管道通球风险故障树定量分析[J].油气储运,2015,34(4):442.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.04.022]
Liu Huaizeng,Wang Yuchuan,Huang Gang.Quantitative analysis on failure tree of subsea pipeline pigging risk[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):442.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.04.022]
[10]王天英,刘娜,李超芹,等.海底管道泄漏快速封堵试验[J].油气储运,2015,34(6):657.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.06.020]
WANG Tianying,LIU Na,LI Chaoqin,et al.Experiment on quick plugging of the leakage in submarine pipeline[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(2):657.[doi:10.6047/j.issn.1000-8241.2015.06.020]
收稿日期:2013-4-17;改回日期:2013-8-23。
基金项目:国家科技重大专项课题“水下生产技术”,2011ZX05026-003。
作者简介:郑利军,工程师,1976 年生,2007 年硕士毕业于中国石油大学(北京)油气储运工程专业,现主要从事水下生产系统研究。Tel:010-84525429, Email:zhenglj2@cnooc.com.cn