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[1]朱志强　卢波　胡伟　叶童.地下水封洞库三维渗控精细模拟及水封性评价[J].油气储运,2025,44(07):1-17.
　Zhu Zhiqiang,Lu Bo,Hu Wei,et al.Three-dimensional seepage control fine simulation and water sealing evaluation of underground water sealed caverns[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2025,44(07):1-17.

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地下水封洞库三维渗控精细模拟及水封性评价

《油气储运》[ISSN:1000-8241/CN:13-1093/TE] 卷: 44 期数: 2025年07期页码: 1-17 栏目: 出版日期: 2025-07-25

Title:: Three-dimensional seepage control fine simulation and water sealing evaluation of underground water sealed caverns

作者:: 朱志强¹　卢波²　胡伟²　叶童³

Author(s):: Zhu Zhiqiang¹; Lu Bo²; Hu Wei²; Ye Tong³

关键词:: 地下水封洞库; 导水带; 渗透分区; 水封性; 地下水渗流场模拟

Keywords:: an underground water sealing petroleum storage cavern; Water-conducting structure; seepage zone; groundwater seepage field simulation; water sealing property

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 【目的】地下水封洞库作为石油储存的重要方式之一，在建设过程中需对其渗控性能及水封性进行综合评价。常用的评价方法是通过数值模拟来预测水封洞库的渗流场演化，并据此评估洞室的渗控性能与水封性。对于大型水封洞库，一般采用等效连续介质模型进行模拟，模拟结果的准确性直接受到渗透分区的影响，然而以往研究通常没有考虑导水带对于渗流场的作用，渗透分区较为粗糙。【方法】为了对模拟范围进行合理的渗透分区，提出一种识别导水带的具体方法：首先根据现场洞室开挖所揭示的岩体结构特征，绘制三维地质展布图；然后结合洞室涌水量、钻孔涌水量及地下水水位变化等信息，分析出导水性较强的导水带区域；接着建立考虑导水带的精细等效连续介质模型；最后通过数值模拟计算某地下水封洞库在初始开挖条件、注浆条件以及添加人工水幕系统条件下的渗流场，进而对该水封洞库的水封性及渗控性进行综合评价。【结果】洞室开挖后各区域水头迅速降低，其中导水带区域的水头降低尤为明显。在初始开挖条件下，主洞室围岩存在疏干区域，无法满足水封条件。通过注浆堵水后，岩体渗透性显著降低，洞室开挖涌水量整体下降了63.1％，其中导水带区域的涌水量下降了70.3％，表明在渗透性较强的区域注浆效果更为显著。然而，注浆后围岩仍存在疏干区域，无法满足水封要求。在施加0.3 MPa水幕压力的水幕系统后，洞库区域内的最低水位高出主洞室顶层28 m，从而满足了水封要求。【结论】提出的导水带识别方法具有一定参考价值，建立考虑导水带的精细模型能够提高模拟结果的准确性，可为后续注浆堵水工作提供一定的科学依据。

Abstract:: As one of the important methods for petroleum storage, underground water-sealed caverns require comprehensive evaluation of their seepage control performance and water-tightness during construction. A commonly used evaluation method is to predict the evolution of the seepage field of the water-sealed cavern through numerical simulation, and then evaluate the seepage control performance and water-tightness of the cavern based on this prediction. For large-scale water-sealed caverns, the equivalent continuum medium model is usually adopted for simulation. When using the equivalent continuum medium model to simulate the seepage field, it is necessary to divide the analysis model into permeability zones based on permeability. However, in the past, the role of water-conducting zones on the seepage field was not considered during permeability zoning, resulting in relatively rough division of permeability zones. To make the simulation results more accurate, it is necessary to establish a refined equivalent continuum medium model that considers water-conducting zones. In order to reasonably divide the simulation range into permeability zones, a specific method for identifying water-conducting zones is proposed: first, draw a three-dimensional geological distribution map based on the rock mass structural characteristics revealed by on-site cavern excavation; then, analyze the areas with strong water conductivity as water-conducting zones by combining information such as cavern water inflow, borehole water inflow, and groundwater level changes; next, establish a refined equivalent continuum medium model that considers water-conducting zones; finally, comprehensively evaluate the water-tightness and seepage control performance of the water-sealed cavern by numerically simulating the seepage field of an underground water-sealed cavern under initial excavation conditions, grouting conditions, and conditions with an added artificial water curtain system. The simulation results using the refined model that considers water-conducting zones are more realistic. The simulation results show that the water head in each area rapidly decreases after cavern excavation, with the decrease being particularly evident in the water-conducting zone areas. Under initial excavation conditions, there are drainage areas in the surrounding rock of the main cavern, which cannot meet the water-tightness requirements. After grouting to block water, the permeability of the rock mass is significantly reduced, and the overall water inflow during cavern excavation decreases by 63.1%, with the water inflow in the water-conducting zone areas decreasing by 70.3%, indicating that grouting is more effective in areas with stronger permeability. However, after grouting, there are still drainage areas in the surrounding rock, which cannot meet the water-tightness requirements. After applying a water curtain system with a water curtain pressure of 0.3 MPa, the minimum water level in the cavern area is 28 m higher than the top layer of the main cavern, thus meeting the water-tightness requirements. The proposed method for finding water-conducting zones has certain reference value, and establishing a refined continuum medium model that considers water-conducting zones can improve the accuracy of the simulation. By finding water-conducting zones and analyzing the simulation results, it can provide a certain scientific basis for subsequent grouting and water blocking work.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-04-01