PDF下载
[1]杨泽亮,张鹏宇,黄水祥,等.海底管道粗砂和碎石回填层落锚贯入深度计算[J].油气储运,2025,44(05):1-14.
　YANG Zeliang,ZHANG Pengyu,HUANG Shuixiang,et al.Research on penetration depth calculation of anchors dropped into sand and gravel backfill layers for submarine pipelines[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2025,44(05):1-14.
点击复制

海底管道粗砂和碎石回填层落锚贯入深度计算

《油气储运》[ISSN:1000-8241/CN:13-1093/TE] 卷: 44 期数: 2025年05期 页码: 1-14 栏目: 出版日期: 2025-05-25
Title:
Research on penetration depth calculation of anchors dropped into sand and gravel backfill layers for submarine pipelines
作者:
杨泽亮1; 张鹏宇1; 黄水祥1; 邵强2; 金子航3
1.中国石油工程项目管理公司天津设计院；2.国家管网集团工程技术创新有限公司；
3.天津大学建筑工程学院·水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室
Author(s):
YANG Zeliang1;  ZHANG Pengyu1;  HUANG Shuixiang1;  SHAO Qiang2;  JIN Zihang3
1. Tianjin Design Institute of CNPC Project Management Company; 2. PipeChina Engineering Technology Innovation Co., Ltd.
3. School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University//State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation
关键词:
霍尔锚; 贯入深度; 碎石; 冲击速度
Keywords:
Hall anchor;  penetration depth;  gravel;  impact velocity
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
[目的]船舶落锚损伤是造成海底管道第三方破坏的主要因素，其间接影响海底结构物的运行安全，确定落锚贯入回填层深度，开发不同回填层落锚贯入深度计算模型，对海底管道安全运行意义重大。[方法]以霍尔锚为例，分别采用有限元分析、试验验证、经验公式方法研究了粗砂、碎石回填对落锚贯入深度的影响。先采用DNV经验公式、数值模拟方法计算不同质量霍尔锚贯入粗砂、碎石回填层的深度，再结合落锚原尺寸模型，开展一系列小比尺落锚物理模型试验，并对比分析物理模型试验、数值模拟方法、DNV经验公式的计算结果。[结果]在粗砂工况下，3种方法贯入深度的计算结果均吻合良好；在碎石工况下，数值模拟与物理模型试验计算结果吻合良好，但DNV经验公式的计算结果与物理模型试验有45%的误差。因DNV经验公式主要依据圆管落锚试验得出，为此提出碎石回填层的锚等效前端接触面积经验公式。采用修正后的前端面积公式能够较准确地预测霍尔锚在碎石中的贯入深度，其计算结果与物理模型试验计算结果高度吻合。同时根据上述计算结果拟合了粗砂、碎石回填层不同质量霍尔锚最大贯入深度的回归方程。[结论]研究成果可为海底管道防护工程的设计和安全评估提供依据。
Abstract:
[Objective] Damages caused by dropping ship anchors have become a major factor contributing to third-party damages to submarine pipelines, indirectly affecting the operational safety of underwater structures. Therefore, determination of the penetration depth of dropped anchors into backfill layers using calculation models developed for anchor penetration into various backfill layers is of great significance. [Methods] The influence of backfilling with coarse sand and gravel on penetration depths, focusing on Hall anchors as a case study, was studied using finite element analysis, experimental verification, and empirical formula methods. First, the DNV empirical formulas and numerical simulation methods were applied to calculate the penetration depths of Hall anchors with varying masses into coarse sand and gravel backfill layers. Next, a series of down-scaled physical model experiments for anchor dropping were conducted under the same conditions as those used for analyses with the DNV empirical formulas and numerical simulations based on a full-scale model. The results from the physical model experiments, numerical simulations, and calculations based on the DNV empirical formula were compared and analyzed. [Results] Under coarse sand conditions, the penetration depth results generated by the three methods were in good agreement. In gravel conditions, the results from numerical simulations and physical model experiments were also in good agreement; however, there was a 45% deviation between the DNV empirical formula and physical model experimental results. Since the DNV empirical formula is primarily based on circular tube dropping experiments, an empirical formula for equivalent front-end contact areas of anchors penetrating into gravel backfill layers was proposed. This formula, incorporating a modified front area factor, can more accurately predict the penetration depth of Hall anchors in gravel, with its calculation results closely aligning to those obtained from physical model experiments. Additionally, regression equations for maximum penetration depths of Hall anchors with different masses in coarse sand and gravel backfill layers were developed through fitting, based on the above calculation results. [Conclusion] The research results provide a basis for the design and safety assessment of protection structures for submarine pipelines.
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-12-16