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[1]宋卫臣,胡松岩,程光旭,等.纯氢长输管道环焊缝典型缺欠应力集中及适用性评价准则[J].油气储运,2025,44(04):1-12.
　SONG Weichen,HU Songyan,CHENG Guangxu,et al.Stress concentration analysis of typical imperfections in girth welds of pure hydrogen long-distance transmission pipelines and exploration of applicability evaluation criteria[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2025,44(04):1-12.
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纯氢长输管道环焊缝典型缺欠应力集中及适用性评价准则

《油气储运》[ISSN:1000-8241/CN:13-1093/TE] 卷: 44 期数: 2025年04期 页码: 1-12 栏目: 出版日期: 2025-04-25
Title:
Stress concentration analysis of typical imperfections in girth welds of pure hydrogen long-distance transmission pipelines and exploration of applicability evaluation criteria
作者:
宋卫臣1; 2; 胡松岩2; 程光旭2; 黄孝波2; 汪兵3; 涂圣文2
1.中石化石油工程设计有限公司；2.西安交通大学化工学院；3.钢铁研究总院有限公司
Author(s):
SONG Weichen1; 2;  HU Songyan2;  CHENG Guangxu2;  HUANG Xiaobo2;  WANG Bing3;  TU Shengwen2
1. Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Corporation; 2. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University; 3. Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Co., Ltd.
关键词:
输氢管道; 焊接缺欠; 应力集中; 特征尺寸; 有限元分析
Keywords:
hydrogen transmission pipeline;  weld imperfection;  stress concentration;  characteristic dimensions;  finite element analysis
分类号:
TE88
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
【目的】输氢管道是实现氢能长距高效利用的重要途经，长输管道通常由大量的环焊缝连接而成，焊缝缺欠是造成管道失效的高风险点。但目前尚无对长输纯氢管道施工中可能存在的环焊缝缺欠的风险评级及验收标准。【方法】通过总结比较国内外关于长输管道环焊缝缺欠的分类评级标准，以适合国内标准的典型缺欠提取到的特征尺寸为基础，通过建立L245管线钢含缺欠输氢管道有限元模型，分析研究缺欠尺寸和位置等因素对缺欠应力集中系数大小的影响。【结果】国内标准对于焊缝缺欠容限尺寸的限制普遍更为严格。在研究范围内，根部内凹缺欠的应力集中系数相对最高。圆形缺欠的最大应力集中系数为3 mm时的2.74；条形缺欠的最大应力集中系数为25 mm长时的1.98；根部内凹缺欠的最大应力集中系数是宽0.5 mm深1mm时的3.58；错边量为3 mm的错边缺欠的应力集中系数为2.62；附加弯矩会使4 mm圆形缺欠处的应力集中系数达到3.97。【结论】埋藏的圆形和条形缺欠在更靠近壁面尤其是内壁表面时，应力集中越显著。圆形缺欠的尺寸越大应力集中越明显，而条形缺欠的长度对应力集中影响不显著。错边量增大时，应力集中系数近似线性增大。根部内凹缺欠的宽度越窄，深度越深时，应力集中越显著。额外的弯矩作用会使缺欠处的应力集中显著增大。应力集中显著的焊接缺欠的存在，增加了在高压气态氢环境中服役管道的风险性，基于纯氢管道缺欠的应力集中定量分析，结合材料的氢脆敏感性随缺口应力集中系数变化的实验数据和工程运行经验，探讨了缺欠适用性评价准则。
Abstract:
[Objective] Hydrogen transmission pipelines offer an important solution for the long-distance and efficient utilization of hydrogen energy. Numerous girth welds exist along these pipelines, so weld imperfections are regarded as high-risk points that can lead to pipeline failure. However, there is currently a lack of risk rating and acceptance criteria for girth weld imperfections that may arise in long-distance pure hydrogen pipelines as a result of construction operations. [Methods] Chinese and foreign classification and ranking standards regarding girth weld imperfections in long-distance pipelines were reviewed and compared. Based on characteristic dimensions extracted from typical imperfections consistent with relevant Chinese standards, a finite element model of hydrogen transmission pipelines constructed with L245 pipeline steel and featuring imperfections was developed. This model was employed to analyze the influence of various factors, such as the sizes and locations of imperfections, on the stress concentration factor associated with weld imperfections in these pipelines. [Results] The review found that Chinese standards generally impose stricter provisions on the tolerance dimensions of weld imperfections. Within the study range, the maximum stress concentration factor was found in concave imperfections located at the root of the welds. Specifically, the maximum stress concentration factor for circular imperfections was 2.74 at a size of 3 mm; for strip imperfections, it was 1.98 at a length of 25 mm; for concave imperfections at the root, it reached 3.58 with a width of 0.5 mm and a depth of 1 mm; and for misalignment imperfections, it was 2.62 with an offset of 3 mm. Furthermore, the stress concentration factor for 4 mm circular imperfections increased to 3.97 in the presence of any additional bending moment. [Conclusion] Buried circular and strip imperfections that are closer to the wall surface, particularly the inner wall surface, exhibit more significant stress concentration. Larger circular imperfections demonstrate more pronounced stress concentration; however, the length of strip imperfections does not significantly influence stress concentration. There is an approximately linear relationship between increases in misalignment and the growth of the stress concentration factor. Stress concentration becomes more pronounced in concave imperfections at the root as they become narrower and deeper. Additionally, bending moments are considered a contributing factor to the substantial increase in stress concentration at these imperfections. The presence of weld imperfections with significant stress concentration heightens the risk for pipelines operating in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen environments. Based on the quantitative analysis of stress concentration in imperfections of pure hydrogen pipelines, this study offers valuable insights into the applicability evaluation criterion of imperfections, which incorporates experimental data reflecting changes in hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity with varying stress concentration factors in imperfections, along with practical experience from engineering operations.

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备注/Memo

基金项目：中国石油化工集团有限公司研究项目“输氢管道工程建设关键技术研究”J324075。
作者简介：宋卫臣，男，1985年生，高级工程师，2012年硕士毕业于山东大学材料工程专业，现主要从事管道材料及焊接方向的研究工作。地址：山东省东营市东营区济南路49号，257026。电话：18605460413。Email：18605460413@126.com
通信作者:程光旭，男，1960年生，教授 ，1993年博士毕业于西安交通大学固体力学专业，现主要从事石油化工重大装备可靠性及氢储运技术方向的研究工作。地址：陕西省西安市咸宁西路28号西安交通大学化工学院，710049。电话：029-88965836。Email：gxcheng@xjtu.edu.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 2025-01-03