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[1]范玉然　帅义　帅健　张铁耀　任飞.管道环焊缝根焊部位应变及微区力学性能对裂纹扩展的影响[J].油气储运,2024,43(02):1-11.
　FAN Yuran,SHUAI Yi,SHUAI Jian,et al.Research on the Influence of Strain and Mechanical Properties of Micro zone on Crack Propagation at the Root of Pipeline Girth Weld[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2024,43(02):1-11.

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管道环焊缝根焊部位应变及微区力学性能对裂纹扩展的影响

《油气储运》[ISSN:1000-8241/CN:13-1093/TE] 卷: 43 期数: 2024年02期页码: 1-11 栏目: 出版日期: 2024-02-25

Title:: Research on the Influence of Strain and Mechanical Properties of Micro zone on Crack Propagation at the Root of Pipeline Girth Weld

作者:: 范玉然帅义帅健张铁耀任飞

Author(s):: FAN Yuran; SHUAI Yi; SHUAI Jian; ZHANG Tieyao; Ren Fei

关键词:: 高钢级管道; 焊缝; 裂纹扩展; 断裂; 失效分析

Keywords:: Weld; Crack growth; Inclusion; Fracture; Failure analysis

分类号:: TE88

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 【目的】环焊缝是高压力输送管道的薄弱环节，极易在内外部载荷、缺陷、应力集中的综合作用下发生开裂事故。高钢级管道环焊缝根焊部位安全隐患问题尤为突出，探究环焊缝失效规律对保障管道安全运行具有重大意义。【方法】为测试管道环焊缝根焊部位不同区域的材料力学性能，开展了根焊部位微区的小尺寸试样冲击试验、拉伸试验；针对高钢级管道环焊缝开裂失效多发生于焊缝根焊部位的实际情况，分别从焊缝根焊部位微区力学性能特点、焊缝全壁厚应变集中规律以及微区塑性应变时效特性等方面，对环焊缝根焊部位裂纹产生与扩展的原因进行了剖析；基于数字图像相关（Digital Image Correlation, DIC）的光学全场应变测试，对3种强度匹配接头在拉伸过程中的局部应变集中程度进行了定量化分析。【结果】不同焊接工艺和强度匹配的环焊缝根焊部位微区力学性能差异性大，当管道环焊缝全壁厚受拉时，根焊部位会发生较大的局部应变集中，特别是根焊部位存在未熔合、夹渣、气孔等缺陷及成形不良等问题，为根焊部位开裂提供了失效条件；在后期的应变时效过程中，根焊部位韧性将会显著降低，降幅甚至可达42.6%～52.1%，脆性开裂的风险增大。【结论】在管道设计与建设施工中，应适当控制母材强度上限，确保焊缝为等强或高强匹配，减小焊缝开裂风险，提升高钢级管道的本质安全。

Abstract:: The girth weld is the weak link of high-pressure pipeline, which is easy to crack under the combined action of internal and external load, defect and stress concentration. At present, the safety hazards of high-strength pipeline girth welds in China are prominent. It is of great significance to study the failure law of girth welds to ensure the safe operation of pipelines. Engineering investigation and statistics show that the cracking failure of girth weld of high steel grade pipeline mostly occurs at the root. Therefore, this paper studies the causes of cracks in the root of the girth weld from three aspects: the mechanical properties of the micro zone at the root of the weld, the tensile test of the whole wall thickness of the girth weld, and the plastic deformation aging of the local micro zone at the root of the weld. Based on the optical full-field strain test and small sample impact test technology of digital image correlation (DIC), considering the influence of different welding process strength matching, welding materials and other factors, multiple sets of high-grade pipeline girth weld root micro-zone impact toughness and tensile tests were carried out, as well as full-wall thickness tensile and micro-zone strain aging tensile tests. The toughness law, local stress-strain behavior and local plastic strain aging law of girth weld root welding parts were studied. The cracking mechanism of high-grade pipeline girth weld root was clarified, and the influence of local plastic deformation on girth weld root cracking was revealed. The results show that when the full wall thickness of the girth weld is tensioned, a large local strain concentration will occur in the root welding part, which will provide conditions for root cracking, and in the later aging process, the root toughness will be significantly reduced, and the reduction can even reach 42.6% -52.1%, and the risk of brittle cracking is increased. In addition, it is suggested that the upper limit of base metal strength should be properly controlled in the project to ensure that the weld is actually equal or high strength matching, so as to reduce the risk of weld cracking. The research conclusions have certain reference value for the intrinsic safety design, construction, and integrity operation and maintenance of pipeline girth welds in China.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2023-12-31