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[1]孟可心　张媛媛　陈思敏.天然气管输费两部制定价模式的可行性分析[J].油气储运,2024,43(10):1-12.
　MENG Kexin,ZHANG Yuanyuan,CHEN Simin.Feasibility Study on the Two-Part Tariff Structure for Natural Gas Pipeline Transmission Charges[J].Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2024,43(10):1-12.

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天然气管输费两部制定价模式的可行性分析

《油气储运》[ISSN:1000-8241/CN:13-1093/TE] 卷: 43 期数: 2024年10期页码: 1-12 栏目: 出版日期: 2024-10-25

Title:: Feasibility Study on the Two-Part Tariff Structure for Natural Gas Pipeline Transmission Charges

作者:: 孟可心　张媛媛　陈思敏

Author(s):: MENG Kexin; ZHANG Yuanyuan; CHEN Simin

关键词:: 天然气; 管输费; Stackelberg博弈模型; 两部制定价; 管网企业; 管道容量分配

Keywords:: Natural gas; pipeline transportation price; Stackelberg game; Two-Part; Pipeline enterprises; Pipeline capacity allocation

分类号:: TE832;C939

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 【目的】随着中国推进“全国一张网”的管网建设，传统的一部制管输定价难以满足市场需求，而两部制定价采用固定费用与变动费用分担风险，更适应天然气市场的波动发展，有利于促进资源的有效配置。【方法】考虑运距因素，基于上层管网企业与下层用户之间的Stackelberg博弈模型，提出天然气管输费两部制定价模式。设计了城镇燃气优先保供分配机制，并对管网企业与下游用户之间效益最大化时的定价策略及管容分配进行了探讨。从价格敏感性、城镇燃气运距、市场饱和量对管输定价、管网效益影响的角度进行敏感性分析，并选取冀宁线、平泰支干线、川气东送二线等多条管道对比“一部制”与“两部制”定价的差异，验证新建模型的实用性及有效性。【结果】以冀宁线为例，利用Matlab软件进行算例分析：两部制定价模式下的天然气管输费得到了优化，并保障了管网效益；当价格敏感性高时，可适当降低管容定价，保持用户基础；市场饱和量增加则可提高管网效益、管道利用率，定价受供需影响而发生改变；当城镇燃气运距增加时，根据运价率涨幅的临界点调整其定价，考虑运距的定价能够适应市场变化，对保障能源供应、控制成本、提升服务质量至关重要，对市场发展具有积极影响。【结论】基于Stackelberg博弈模型的两部制定价模式，在优化资源分配与适应市场变化方面具有较好的可行性，可为天然气市场定价机制改革提供参考。

Abstract:: [Objective] As China advances the construction of a "national grid" network, the traditional single-part tariff system for pipeline transportation is no longer able to meet market demands. The two-part tariff system, which allocates risk through a combination of fixed and variable charges, is more adaptable to the fluctuating development of the natural gas market and is conducive to promoting the effective allocation of resources. [Methods] Considering the factor of transportation distance, based on the Stackelberg game model between upper-level pipeline enterprises and lower-level users, a two-part pricing model for natural gas pipeline transportation fees is proposed: Unit Pipeline Capacity Subscription Fee plus the product of Transport Rate and Distance. Designed a priority allocation mechanism for urban gas supply, and explored pricing strategies and capacity allocation for maximizing benefits between pipeline enterprises and downstream users. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted from the perspectives of price sensitivity, urban gas transportation distance, and market saturation on pipeline pricing and network efficiency. Multiple natural gas pipelines, such as the Jining line, will be selected to compare the pricing differences between the "one part system" and the "two part system", in order to verify the practicality and effectiveness of the new model. [Results] Taking the Jining Line as an example, Matlab software was used for case analysis, and the results showed that the natural gas pipeline transportation fee under the two-part pricing model was optimized and the pipeline network efficiency was guaranteed; When price sensitivity is high, the capacity pricing can be appropriately reduced to maintain the user base; An increase in market saturation can improve the efficiency and utilization of pipeline networks, and pricing may be affected by supply and demand; When the transportation distance of urban gas increases, the pricing should be adjusted according to the critical point of significant changes in freight rates. Considering that the pricing of transportation distance can adapt to market changes is crucial for ensuring energy supply, controlling costs, and improving service quality, and has a positive impact on market development. [Conclusion] The two-part pricing model based on the Stackelberg game model has good feasibility in optimizing resource allocation and adapting to market changes, and can provide reference for the reform of pricing mechanisms in the natural gas market.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2024-08-10